Restoring Natural Capital
Science, Business, and Practice
400 pages
|
7 x 10
How can environmental degradation be stopped? How can it be reversed? And how can the damage already done be repaired? The authors of this volume argue that a two-pronged approach is needed: reducing demand for ecosystem goods and services and better management of them, coupled with an increase in supply through environmental restoration.
Restoring Natural Capital brings together economists and ecologists, theoreticians, practitioners, policy makers, and scientists from the developed and developing worlds to consider the costs and benefits of repairing ecosystem goods and services in natural and socioecological systems. It examines the business and practice of restoring natural capital, and seeks to establish common ground between economists and ecologists with respect to the restoration of degraded ecosystems and landscapes and the still broader task of restoring natural capital. The book focuses on developing strategies that can achieve the best outcomes in the shortest amount of time as it:
• considers conceptual and theoretical issues from both an economic
and ecological perspective
• examines specific strategies to foster the restoration of natural
capital and offers a synthesis and a vision of the way forward
and ecological perspective
• examines specific strategies to foster the restoration of natural
capital and offers a synthesis and a vision of the way forward
Nineteen case studies from around the world illustrate challenges and achievements in setting targets, refining approaches to finding and implementing restoration projects, and using restoration of natural capital as an economic opportunity. Throughout, contributors make the case that the restoration of natural capital requires close collaboration among scientists from across disciplines as well as local people, and when successfully executed represents a practical, realistic, and essential tool for achieving lasting sustainable development.
"The editors contend that 'ecological restoration must be practiced as if people matter' ... Summing Up: Recommended."
K.B. Sterling, Choice"This book reviews related theoretical issues, case studies from around the world and specific strategies to increase the restoration of natural capital."
Wildlife ActivistThe book should be of interest to all those who are concerned with not merely understanding the intellectual challenges of ecological restoration, but also with how to implement it in the field. Ecologists sensing they might need a new set of perspectives and tools to do this will find this an instructive and useful book.
Foreword; Peter Raven
Preface; James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
Preface; James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
PART I. Restoring Natural Capital: The Conceptual Landscape
Introduction
James N. Blignaut, James Aronson, and Suzanne J. Milton
1. Restoring Natural Capital: Definition and Rationale
James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
2. Restoring Natural Capital: A Reflection on Ethics
James N. Blignaut, James Aronson, Paddy Woodworth, Sean Archer,
Narayan Desai, and Andre F. Clewell
3. Restoring Natural Capital: An Ecological Economics Assessment
Joshua Farley and Erica J. Brown Gaddis
4. Restoring Natural Capital: A Mainstream Economic Perspective
Eugenio Figueroa
5. Assessing and Restoring Natural Capital Across Scales:
Lessons from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Richard Norgaard, Phoebe Barnard, and Patrick Lavelle
6. Assessing the Loss in Natural Capital: A Biodiversity Intactness Index
Reinette Biggs and Robert J. Scholes
James N. Blignaut, James Aronson, and Suzanne J. Milton
1. Restoring Natural Capital: Definition and Rationale
James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
2. Restoring Natural Capital: A Reflection on Ethics
James N. Blignaut, James Aronson, Paddy Woodworth, Sean Archer,
Narayan Desai, and Andre F. Clewell
3. Restoring Natural Capital: An Ecological Economics Assessment
Joshua Farley and Erica J. Brown Gaddis
4. Restoring Natural Capital: A Mainstream Economic Perspective
Eugenio Figueroa
5. Assessing and Restoring Natural Capital Across Scales:
Lessons from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
Richard Norgaard, Phoebe Barnard, and Patrick Lavelle
6. Assessing the Loss in Natural Capital: A Biodiversity Intactness Index
Reinette Biggs and Robert J. Scholes
PART II. Restoring Natural Capital: Experiences and Lessons
Introduction
Suzanne J. Milton, James Aronson, and James N. Blignaut
Introduction
Suzanne J. Milton, James Aronson, and James N. Blignaut
TARGETS
7. Setting Appropriate Restoration Targets for Changed Ecosystems in the Semiarid Karoo, South Africa
W. Richard J. Dean and Chris J. Roche
8. Targeting Sustainable Options for Restoring Natural Capital in Madagascar
Louise Holloway
9. Landscape Function as a Target for Restoring Natural Capital in
Semiarid Australia
David Tongway and John Ludwig
10. Genetic Integrity as a Target for Natural Capital Restoration:
Weighing the Costs and Benefits
Cathy Waters, Andrew G. Young, and Jim Crosthwaite
7. Setting Appropriate Restoration Targets for Changed Ecosystems in the Semiarid Karoo, South Africa
W. Richard J. Dean and Chris J. Roche
8. Targeting Sustainable Options for Restoring Natural Capital in Madagascar
Louise Holloway
9. Landscape Function as a Target for Restoring Natural Capital in
Semiarid Australia
David Tongway and John Ludwig
10. Genetic Integrity as a Target for Natural Capital Restoration:
Weighing the Costs and Benefits
Cathy Waters, Andrew G. Young, and Jim Crosthwaite
APPROACHES
11. Restoring and Maintaining Natural Capital in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Andrew Carey
12. Restoring and Maintaining Natural Capital Reconnects People to Their Natural Heritage: Tiritiri Matangi Island, New Zealand
John Craig and Éva-Terézia Vesely
13. Restoring Forage Grass to Support the Pastoral Economy of Arid Patagonia
Martin R. Aguiar and Marcela E. Román
14. A Community Approach to Restore Natural Capital: The Wildwood Project Scotland William McGhee
15. An Adaptive Comanagement Approach to Restoring Natural Capital in Communal Areas of South Africa
Christo Fabricius and Georgina Cundill
16. Participatory Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge for Restoring Natural Capital in Agroecosystems of Rural India
P. S. Ramakrishnan
17. Overcoming Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital: Large-scale Restoration on the Sacramento River
Suzanne M. Langridge, Mark Buckley, and Karen D. Holl
18. An Approach to Quantify the Economic Value of Restoring Natural Capital: A Case from South Africa
James N. Blignaut and Christina E. Loxton
11. Restoring and Maintaining Natural Capital in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Andrew Carey
12. Restoring and Maintaining Natural Capital Reconnects People to Their Natural Heritage: Tiritiri Matangi Island, New Zealand
John Craig and Éva-Terézia Vesely
13. Restoring Forage Grass to Support the Pastoral Economy of Arid Patagonia
Martin R. Aguiar and Marcela E. Román
14. A Community Approach to Restore Natural Capital: The Wildwood Project Scotland William McGhee
15. An Adaptive Comanagement Approach to Restoring Natural Capital in Communal Areas of South Africa
Christo Fabricius and Georgina Cundill
16. Participatory Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge for Restoring Natural Capital in Agroecosystems of Rural India
P. S. Ramakrishnan
17. Overcoming Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital: Large-scale Restoration on the Sacramento River
Suzanne M. Langridge, Mark Buckley, and Karen D. Holl
18. An Approach to Quantify the Economic Value of Restoring Natural Capital: A Case from South Africa
James N. Blignaut and Christina E. Loxton
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES: CASE STUDIES
19. Capturing the Economic Benefits from Restoring Natural Capital in Transformed Tropical Forests
Kirsten Schuyt, Stephanie Mansourian, Gabriella Roscher, and
Gerard Rambeloarisoa
20. Restoring Natural Forests to Make Medicinal Bark Harvesting Sustainable in South Africa
Coert J. Geldenhuys
21. Assessing Costs, Benefits, and Feasibility of Restoring Natural Capital in Subtropical Thicket in South Africa
Anthony J. Mills, Jane K. Turpie, Richard M. Cowling, Christo Marais, Graham I. H. Kerley, Richard G. Lechmere-Oertel, Ayanda M. Sigwela, and Mike Powell
22. Costs and Benefits of Restoring Natural Capital Following Alien Plant Invasions in Fynbos Ecosystems in South Africa
Patricia M. Holmes, David M. Richardson, and Christo Marais
23. Return of Natural, Social, and Financial Capital to the Hole Left by Mining
J. Deon van Eeden, Roy A. Lubke, and Pippa Haarhoff
24. Protecting and Restoring Natural Capital in New York City’s Watersheds to Safeguard Water
Christopher Elliman and Nathan Berry
25. Making the Restoration of Natural Capital Profitable on Private Land: Koa Forestry on Hawaii Island
Liba Pejchar, Joshua H. Goldstein, and Gretchen C. Daily
19. Capturing the Economic Benefits from Restoring Natural Capital in Transformed Tropical Forests
Kirsten Schuyt, Stephanie Mansourian, Gabriella Roscher, and
Gerard Rambeloarisoa
20. Restoring Natural Forests to Make Medicinal Bark Harvesting Sustainable in South Africa
Coert J. Geldenhuys
21. Assessing Costs, Benefits, and Feasibility of Restoring Natural Capital in Subtropical Thicket in South Africa
Anthony J. Mills, Jane K. Turpie, Richard M. Cowling, Christo Marais, Graham I. H. Kerley, Richard G. Lechmere-Oertel, Ayanda M. Sigwela, and Mike Powell
22. Costs and Benefits of Restoring Natural Capital Following Alien Plant Invasions in Fynbos Ecosystems in South Africa
Patricia M. Holmes, David M. Richardson, and Christo Marais
23. Return of Natural, Social, and Financial Capital to the Hole Left by Mining
J. Deon van Eeden, Roy A. Lubke, and Pippa Haarhoff
24. Protecting and Restoring Natural Capital in New York City’s Watersheds to Safeguard Water
Christopher Elliman and Nathan Berry
25. Making the Restoration of Natural Capital Profitable on Private Land: Koa Forestry on Hawaii Island
Liba Pejchar, Joshua H. Goldstein, and Gretchen C. Daily
PART III. Restoring Natural Capital: Tactics and Strategies
Introduction
James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
Introduction
James Aronson, Suzanne J. Milton and James N. Blignaut
VALUATION
26. Valuing Natural Capital and the Costs and Benefits of Restoration
William E. Rees, Joshua Farley, Éva-Terézia Vesely, and Rudolf de Groot
27. A Decision Analysis Framework for Proposal Evaluation of Natural
Capital Restoration
Mike. D. Young, Stefan Hajkowicz, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, and Rudolf de Groot
26. Valuing Natural Capital and the Costs and Benefits of Restoration
William E. Rees, Joshua Farley, Éva-Terézia Vesely, and Rudolf de Groot
27. A Decision Analysis Framework for Proposal Evaluation of Natural
Capital Restoration
Mike. D. Young, Stefan Hajkowicz, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, and Rudolf de Groot
LOCAL AND LANDSCAPE LEVELS
28. Overcoming Physical and Biological Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital
Karen D. Holl, Liba Pejchar, and Steve G. Whisenant
29. Overcoming Socioeconomic Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital
Christo Marais, Paddy Woodworth, Martin de Wit, John Craig, Karen D. Holl, and Jennifer Gouza
28. Overcoming Physical and Biological Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital
Karen D. Holl, Liba Pejchar, and Steve G. Whisenant
29. Overcoming Socioeconomic Obstacles to Restoring Natural Capital
Christo Marais, Paddy Woodworth, Martin de Wit, John Craig, Karen D. Holl, and Jennifer Gouza
GLOBAL LEVEL
30. Overcoming Obstacles at a Global Scale to Restore Natural Capital
Robert J. Scholes, Reinette Biggs, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, and Karen D. Holl
31. Managing Our Global Footprint Through the Restoration of Natural Capital at a Global Scale
Joshua Farley, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, William E. Rees, and Katrina Van Dis
30. Overcoming Obstacles at a Global Scale to Restore Natural Capital
Robert J. Scholes, Reinette Biggs, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, and Karen D. Holl
31. Managing Our Global Footprint Through the Restoration of Natural Capital at a Global Scale
Joshua Farley, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, William E. Rees, and Katrina Van Dis
POLICIES AND INSTITUTIONS
32. Making Restoration Work: Financial Mechanisms
Rudolf de Groot, Martin de Wit, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, Carolyn Kousky, William McGhee, and Mike D. Young
33. Making Restoration Work: Nonmonetary Mechanisms
William McGhee, John Craig, Rudolf de Groot, James S. Miller,
and Keith Bowers
32. Making Restoration Work: Financial Mechanisms
Rudolf de Groot, Martin de Wit, Erica J. Brown Gaddis, Carolyn Kousky, William McGhee, and Mike D. Young
33. Making Restoration Work: Nonmonetary Mechanisms
William McGhee, John Craig, Rudolf de Groot, James S. Miller,
and Keith Bowers
PART IV. Synthesis
34. Mainstreaming the Restoration of Natural Capital: A Conceptual and Operational Framework
Richard M. Cowling, Shirley M. Pierce, and Ayanda M. Sigwela
35. Restoring Natural Capital Toward a Better Future
Suzanne J. Milton, James Aronson, and James N. Blignaut
34. Mainstreaming the Restoration of Natural Capital: A Conceptual and Operational Framework
Richard M. Cowling, Shirley M. Pierce, and Ayanda M. Sigwela
35. Restoring Natural Capital Toward a Better Future
Suzanne J. Milton, James Aronson, and James N. Blignaut
glossary
references
editors and contributors
index
references
editors and contributors
index
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